• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
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    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method and process arrangement for treating reject water. An alkali chemical (2) is added to the reject water (1) for increasing pH, nitrogen is separated in the form of ammonia from the reject water and a mixture (5) comprising nitrogen is formed, a sulfate-containing reject composition (7) comprising at least sodium sulfate is added to the mixture, and sodium salts (10) comprising at least sodium carbonate and/or sodium bicarbonate is precipitated such that at least ammonium sulfate remains in the mixture. Further, the invention relates to the products and their uses and use of the method.
    公开号:FI20195524A1
    申请号:FI20195524
    申请日:2019-06-17
    公开日:2020-12-18
    发明作者:Kristian Melin；Eliisa Järvelä
    申请人:Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus Vtt Oy；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    METHOD AND PROCESS ARRANGEMENT FOR TREATING REJECT WA- TER, PRODUCTS AND USE
    FIELD The application relates to a method defined in claim 1 and a process arrangement defined in claim for treating reject water, e.g. from industry. Fur- ther, the application relates to products defined in claims 16 and 18, uses of the products defined in 10 claim 17 and 19 and a use of the method defined in claim 20.
    BACKGROUND Known from the prior art is to remove nitro- gen or ammonia from waste water by evaporation, strip- ping reverse osmosis, ion-exchange, precipitation or biological process. Present technology, such as ammo- nia stripping has a problem that a dilute ammonia wa- ter mixture is produced or that significant amount of energy is required to concentrate a product. Further, solids cause plugging in columns.
    Further, it is known from the prior art that an ammonia solution can be acidified with sulphuric acid.
    OBJECTIVE o The objective is to disclose a new type meth- > od and process arrangement for treating reject water © from industrial processes or plants. Further, the ob- 7 30 jective is to disclose a new type method and process = arrangement for removing nitrogen from reject water. = Further, the objective is to form sodium carbonate a product from residue streams. Further, the objective LO is to produce a fertilizer product. = 35
    SUMMARY The method and process arrangement, products and uses are characterized by what are presented in the claims. In the method and process arrangement, reject water is treated and purified, and sodium salts and a liguid composition are formed. Further, the sodium salts and liquid composition can be utilized as prod- ucts.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawing, which is included to provide a further understanding of the invention and constitutes a part of this specification, illus- trate some embodiments of the invention and together with the description help to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawing: Fig. 1 is a flow chart illustration of a pro- cess according to one embodiment.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION In the method for treating reject water, an alkali chemical (2), e.g. sodium carbonate, is added to the reject water (1) for increasing pH, nitrogen in the form of ammonia is separated from the reject water and a mixture (5), such as a concentrated mixture, o comprising nitrogen is formed. A purified reject water > (6) may be discharged and/or recovered. After that a O sulfate-containing reject composition (7) comprising 7 30 at least sodium sulfate is added to the mixture (5), and sodium salts (10) comprising at least sodium car- a. bonate and/or sodium bicarbonate is precipitated such S that at least ammonium sulfate remains in the mixture. 3 Further, a liquid composition (9) may be discharged DO 35 and/or recovered after the precipitation wherein the N liguid composition comprises at least the mixture and ammonium sulfate. A sodium carbonate product can be formed from the sodium salts (10). An ammonium sulfate product can be formed from the liquid composition (9). The process arrangement comprises at least one treatment device (3) for treating reject water (1), at least a first addition device for adding an alkali chemical (2) to the reject water (1) in the treatment device (3) for increasing pH, at least one separation device (4) in which nitrogen in the form of ammonia is separated from the reject water and a mix- ture (5), such as a concentrated mixture, comprising nitrogen is formed. The process arrangement may com- prise means for discharging and/or recovering the pu- rified reject water (6). Further, the process arrange- ment comprises at least a second addition device for adding a sulfate-containing reject composition (7) comprising at least sodium sulfate to the mixture (5), and at least one precipitation device (8) in which so- dium salts (10) comprising at least sodium carbonate and/or sodium bicarbonate is precipitated such that at least ammonium sulfate remains in the mixture. Fur- ther, the process arrangement may comprise means for discharging and/or recovering a liguid composition (9) after the precipitation wherein the liguid composition comprises at least the mixture and ammonium sulfate. One embodiment of the method and the process o arrangement is shown in Fig 1.
    > In this context, the reject water (1) means any © reject water, water containing residue stream or other 7 30 water containing reject, for example waste water, aque- ous reject, aqueous residue, or the like or their com- = binations. In one embodiment, the reject water is se- S lected from the group consisting of a reject water 3 from biogas plant, a reject water from synthesis gas DO 35 plant, a reject water from a gasification plant, a N waste water from waste water treatment or their combi-
    nation. In one embodiment, the reject water is a re- ject water from biogas plant or synthesis gas plant. In one embodiment, the reject water is a reject water from a gasification plant. In one embodiment, the re- ject water is a waste water from waste water treat- ment, e.g. plant waste water or communal waste water. In one embodiment, the reject water is a stream where phosphorous has already been removed.
    In this context, the alkali chemical (2) means any alkali chemical which can be added to the reject water to increase pH. In one embodiment, the alkali chemical is selected from the group consisting of sodium salt, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, lime or their combination. In one embodiment, the al- kali chemical is the sodium salt, e.g. a recovered so- dium salt. In one embodiment, the alkali chemical is the sodium carbonate, e.g. a recovered sodium car- bonate. In one embodiment, the alkali chemical is lime. In the treatment, the pH of the reject water is raised to make inorganic nitrogen more volatile.
    In this context, the sulfate-containing re- ject composition (7) means any reject, residue or the like which contains at least sodium sulfate. The sul- fate-containing reject composition may comprise other components. The sulfate-containing reject composition may comprise one or more components. In one embodi- o ment, the sulfate-containing reject composition fur- > ther comprises sodium, potassium, chloride, carbonate © or their combinations. In one embodiment, the sulfate- 7 30 containing reject composition may comprise calcium phosphate. Preferably, the sulfate-containing reject = composition is in the form of aqueous solution. In one S embodiment, the sulfate-containing reject composition 3 is a stream from a pulp mill, paper mill, power plant, DO 35 chemical production, gas purification and/or scrubber. N In one embodiment, the sulfate-containing reject com-
    position is a fly ash, e.g. from a boiler in power plant or pulp mill.
    In this context, the sodium carbonate product means any product which consist of the sodium salts 5 (10) comprising at least sodium carbonate, sodium bi- carbonate or their combination.
    In this context, the ammonium sulfate product means any product which consist of the liquid composi- tion (9) comprising at least the liquid of the mixture and ammonium sulfate.
    In one embodiment, the reject water (1) is supplied to a tank or reactor in which the alkali chemical (2) is added and the reject water is treated with the alkali chemical. In one embodiment, a temper- ature is 20 —- 100 °C during the treatment. In one em- bodiment, a temperature is 20 - 130 °C during the treatment. In one embodiment, the treatment is carried out under atmospheric pressure. In one embodiment, the reject water is mixed during the treatment. The pro- cess conditions can be selected such that here is the aim to dissolve the alkali chemical, i.e. sodium car- bonate, for forming a solution. In one embodiment, the process arrangement comprises the treatment device (3) which is selected from a tank, reactor or their combi- nation.
    In one embodiment, nitrogen in the form of o ammonia is separated from the reject water (1) by > evaporating, stripping, filtrating and/or filtrating © by a membrane. In one embodiment, the nitrogen separa- 7 30 tion is carried out under atmospheric pressure or vac- uum. Simultaneously, in the separation step, the mix- a. ture (5) comprising nitrogen is formed. In one embodi- S ment, the mixture is in the form of solution. In one 3 embodiment, a part of nitrogen may be separated, e.g. DO 35 by evaporating, from the reject water (1) before the N adding of the alkali chemical (2). In one embodiment an acid (12), e.g. sulphuric acid, and/or carbon diox- ide is added to the reject water or mixture in connec- tion with the separation of the nitrogen, such as dur- ing the separation of the nitrogen or to a separated mixture comprising nitrogen for adjusting pH, e.g. to keep low pH, and/or maintaining sufficient pH differ- ence in the separation. In one embodiment an acid (12) is added in connection with the separation of the ni- trogen. In one embodiment, sulphuric acid is not added before the separation, and then nitrogen can be sepa- rated as ammonia more effectively. By means of the ad- dition of sulphuric acid, a driving force can be im- proved in the separation, such as in a membrane con- tactor between a feed and a permeate. In one embodi- ment carbon dioxide is added in connection with the separation of the nitrogen. In one embodiment, carbon dioxide is added to the separated mixture comprising nitrogen in order to aid the separation of nitrogen from a product stream so that ammonium bicarbonate can be formed. Then an advantage in the precipitation step is that higher amount of bicarbonate and less sulfates can be formed compared to the case in which sulphuric acid is added.
    In one embodiment, the process arrangement comprises the separation device (4) which is selected from the group consisting of an evaporating device, o e.g. an evaporator, stripping column, filter, membrane > filtration device, e.g. a membrane filter or membrane © contactor, or their combinations. In one embodiment, 7 30 the separation device is a filter or membrane filtra- tion device. In one embodiment, the separation device = is a membrane filtration device, such as a membrane S filter or membrane contactor. 3 In one embodiment, an acid, e.g. HS04, can be o 35 added to the mixture (5) together with the sulfate- N containing reject composition (7). In one embodiment,
    carbon dioxide, CO,, can be added to the mixture (5) together with the sulfate-containing reject composi- tion (7), after the separation of the nitrogen. In one embodiment, in the precipitation, pH can be further adjusted by an addition of the additional alkaline waste product comprising, for example, sodium hydrox- ide, potassium hydroxide, calcium oxide, carbonates or bicarbonates of Na, K or Ca, and/or gaseous CO,. The precipitation in which sodium salts (10) are precipitated can be carried out such that a pre- cipitate comprising solid sodium salt particles and a supernatant comprising the liquid composition (9) are formed during the precipitation. In one embodiment, the precipitate and the supernatant are separated by a filtration, decanting, centrifugation or their combi- nations. In one embodiment, the precipitation is made by means of a crystallization. In one embodiment, the sodium salts (10) are separated from potassium and/or ammonium salts by the crystallization in the precipi- tation. In one embodiment, a temperature is 2 —- 95 °C during the crystallization.
    The process arrangement comprises at least one precipitation device (8) in which sodium salts (10) is precipitated such that at least ammonium sul- fate remains in the liguid. In one embodiment, the precipitation device (8) can comprise a precipitator o or precipitation element in which a mixing of streams > causes precipitation. In one embodiment, the precipi- © tation device (8) comprises at least one crystalliza- 7 30 tion device. In one embodiment, the crystallization device can be an evaporative crystallization device, a. cooling crystallization device, their combination or S other suitable crystallization device. In one embodi- 3 ment, the precipitation device (8) comprises at least DO 35 a second separation device for separating the sodium N salts (10) from the liguid composition (9). In one em-
    bodiment, the process arrangement can comprise a sepa- rate second separation device for separating the sodi- um salts (10) from the liquid composition (9). In one embodiment, in the precipitation device (8), water can be evaporated, the mixture can be cooled and/or carbon dioxide or pH-agent can be added to adjust pH to a de- sired level.
    In one embodiment, the method or process ar- rangement comprises more than one precipitation stag- es.
    In one embodiment, the process arrangement com- prises more than one precipitation devices.
    In one em- bodiment, wherein the sulfate-containing reject compo- sition (7) or other reject stream comprises undesired components, e.g.
    Cd or its derivative, the undesired component can be first precipitated, e.g.
    Cd as hy- droxide, and separated, and after that the precipita- tion can be repeated and sodium salts, e.g. sodium carbonates or bicarbonates, can be precipitated and separated from the liquid composition comprising ammo- nium sulfate.
    An advantage of the said embodiment is that undesired components can be removed, and simulta- neously the reject stream can be purified.
    In one embodiment, sodium bicarbonate can be turned into sodium carbonate and gaseous carbon diox- ide by an additional step in a stirred tank or reactor in which sodium bicarbonate is heated at 40 - 120 °C o under a pressure of 5 — 500 kPa. > In one embodiment, the process arrangement © comprises at least one feed inlet for supplying the 7 30 reject water (1) to the treatment device (3). In one > embodiment, the process arrangement comprises at least a. one outlet for discharging the treated reject water S (11) out from the treatment device (3). In one embodi- 3 ment, the process arrangement comprises at least one > 35 feed inlet for supplying the treated reject water (11) to the separation device (4). In one embodiment, the process arrangement comprises at least one outlet for discharging the purified reject water (6) out from the separation device (4). In one embodiment, the process arrangement comprises at least one feed inlet for sup- plying the mixture (5) to the precipitation device (8). In one embodiment, the process arrangement com- prises outlets for discharging at least the solid salts (10) and liquid composition (9) out from the precipitation device (8). The feed inlet may be any suitable inlet known per se, e.g. pipe, port or the like. The outlet may be any suitable outlet known per se, e.g. pipe, outlet port or the like. The method and process arrangement can be op- erated as a continuous process.
    The sodium carbonate product consisting of sodium salts (10) can be formed by the present method. The sodium salts comprise at least sodium carbonate and/or sodium bicarbonate. Further, the sodium car- bonate product may comprise other components. The so- dium carbonate product can be used as such or can be supplied to a desired process for producing a final product. In one embodiment, the sodium carbonate prod- uct is used as an alkali chemical, e.g. in a gas puri- fication, in a chemical production, in power plants or in pulp mills, or as a pH agent, e.g. to increase or control pH in reject water or in digestion. In one em- o bodiment, the sodium carbonate product can be used as > the alkali chemical or as the pH agent in the same © process, such as reject water treatment, or in any 7 30 process. In one embodiment, the sodium carbonate prod- uct comprising sodium salts (10) can be recirculated a. back to the treatment step of the reject water and S used as the alkali chemical (2). In one embodiment, 3 the sodium carbonate product can be used as the addi- DO 35 tive in a gas purification, e.g. S- and/or CO,- con- N taining gases. In one embodiment, the sodium carbonate product can be added as an alkaline agent to biologi- cal nitrogen removal process in order to maintain pH in the favorable range.
    An ammonium sulfate product can be formed from the liquid composition (9) comprising at least the liquid of the mixture and ammonium sulfate. Fur- ther, the ammonium sulfate product may comprise other components, e.g. potassium and phosphor. The ammonium sulfate product can be used as such or can be supplied to a desired process for producing a final product. In one embodiment, the ammonium sulfate product is used as a component in fertilizer or as a fertilizer. The fertilizer product can contain at least nitrogen but possibly also potassium and phosphorous depending on the composition of sulfate-containing reject composi- tion and depending on it if calcium phosphor is added or not. Further, the liquid composition which compris- es nitrogen or ammonium sulfate product can be fed as a nitrogen source to a biological waste water treat- ment.
    In one embodiment, the method and process ar- rangement are used and utilized in waste water treat- ment, in purification of the gases, e.g. the pyrolysis or gasification gas, in production of chemicals, in oil refining, in power plants, in production of ferti- lizers, or their combinations.
    o Thanks to the invention different reject wa- > ters can be treated easily and effectively. Further, O nitrogen can be removed easily from the reject water. 7 30 Further, sodium carbonate and ammonium sulfate prod- ucts can be recovered and utilized in other processes = or in final products. Alternatively, sodium carbonate S product can be recovered and utilized in the same pro- 3 cess. Further, high product yield can be achieved. DO 35 Further, cheap reject streams, e.g. sulfate-containing N reject streams and nitrogen-containing reject streams,
    can be utilized to get sodium carbonate and ammonium sulfate. The method and process arrangement offer a possibility to treat the reject water easily, and en- ergy- and cost-effectively.
    The present invention provides an industrial- ly applicable, simple and affordable way to treat the reject water and to produce the products from the re- ject water and reject streams. The method and process arrangement are easy and simple to realize in connec- tion with production processes.
    EXAMPLES Example 1 Fig. 1 presents the method and also process arrangement for treating reject water continuously.
    The process of Fig. 1 comprises at least one treatment device (3) for treating reject water (1), at least a first addition device for adding an alkali chemical (2) to the reject water (1) in the treatment device (3) for increasing pH and at least one separa- tion device (4) in which nitrogen in the form of ammo- nia is separated from the reject water and a concen- trated mixture (5) comprising nitrogen is formed. Fur- ther, the process arrangement may comprise means for discharging and/or recovering a purified reject water o (6) from the separation device (4). Further, the pro- > cess arrangement comprises at least a second addition O device for adding a sulfate-containing reject composi- 7 30 tion (7) comprising at least sodium sulfate to the = mixture, and at least one precipitation device (8) in = which sodium salts (10) comprising at least sodium 3 carbonate and/or sodium bicarbonate is precipitated LO such that at least ammonium sulfate remains in the DO 35 mixture. Further, the process arrangement may comprise N means for discharging and/or recovering a liguid com-
    position (9) after the precipitation wherein the lig- uid composition comprises at least the mixture and am- monium sulfate. The treatment device (3) is selected from a tank, reactor or their combination. In this example, the treatment device is the tank. The separation de- vice (4) may be selected from the group consisting of an evaporator, stripping column, filter, membrane fil- tration device. In this example, the separation device is a membrane contactor. In this example, the precipi- tation device (8) comprises a crystallization device and a second separation device for separating the so- dium salts (10) from the liguid composition (9), in this example by centrifugation.
    In this example, the process is carried out such that the reject water (1) in which phosphorous has already been removed is fed to the tank which is used as the treatment device (3). The alkali chemical (2) which can be sodium carbonate, preferably a recov- ered sodium carbonate, is added to the reject water (1) in the treatment device (3) for increasing pH. The reject water is treated with the alkali chemical at a temperature of 20 - 100 °C. The treated reject water (11) is supplied to the separation device (4).
    Nitrogen in the form of ammonia is separated from the reject water in the separation device (4), o and simultaneously a concentrated mixture (5) compris- > ing nitrogen is formed. The concentrated mixture is in O the form of solution. The separation is made in this 7 30 example by filtrating by means of a membrane prefera- bly under atmospheric pressure. A purified reject wa- = ter (6) 1s supplied out from the separation device and S supplied to a post-treatment. A part of nitrogen may 3 be separated, e.g. by evaporating, from the reject wa- o 35 ter (1) before the adding of the alkali chemical (2). N Further, an acid (12), e.g. sulphuric acid, may be added to the treated reject water, if needed, in con- nection with the separation, such as during the sepa- ration or to a separated mixture comprising nitrogen, to keep low pH and/or to maintain sufficient pH dif- ference in the separation. The sulfate-containing reject composition (7), which comprises at least sodium sulfate and fur- ther comprises sodium, chlorides, carbonates or their combinations and calcium phosphate, is added to the concentrated mixture (5) in connection with the pre- cipitation device (8). The sulfate-containing reject composition (7) may be recirculated from a pulp mill, paper mill, power plant, gas purification and/or scrubber to this process. In the precipitation device (8), sodium salts (10) comprising at least sodium car- bonate and/or sodium bicarbonate is precipitated such that at least ammonium sulfate remains in the liquid. The sodium salts (10) are separated from potassium and/or ammonium salts by the crystallization in the precipitation. A precipitate comprising solid sodium salt particles and a supernatant comprising the liquid composition (9) are formed during the precipitation. The precipitate and the supernatant are separated by the second separation device, e.g. by a centrifuga- tion. A liguid composition (9) comprising at least the liguid and ammonium sulfate is supplied out from the o precipitation device. > A sodium carbonate product can be formed from O the sodium salts (10) comprising at least sodium car- 7 30 bonate and/or sodium bicarbonate in the process. An ammonium sulfate product can be formed from the liquid a. composition (9) comprising at least the mixture and S ammonium sulfate.LO
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    Example 2 In this example, the waste water from biogas plant water scrubber is treated according to the pro- cess of example 1. The waste water can be purified, nitrogen can be recovered, and the sodium carbonate product and the ammonium sulfate product can be formed in this process. The ammonium sulfate product is used as a fertilizer. Example 3 In this example, the sodium sulfate is recov- ered in connection with HS and So, removal in the gas- ification using sodium carbonate. The recovered sodium sulfate is used as a sulfate-containing reject compo- sition in the treatment of the reject water according to process of Example 1. The formed sodium carbonate product is recirculated to be used again as the addi- tive in the gas purification of the sulfure-containing gases.
    Example 4 In this example, the reject stream from soda recovery boiler fly ash of pulp and paper industry is used as the sulfate-containing reject composition ac- cording to process of Example 1. The reject stream contains a mixture of sodium and potassium sulfates, o chloride and carbonate. The sodium carbonate product > and the ammonium sulfate product are formed in this O process. The ammonium sulfate product comprising ammo- 7 30 nium sulfate, sodium and potassium chloride and potas- sium sulfate is used as a fertilizer. a a S Example 5 3 In this example, the sodium sulfate is recov- o 35 ered in connection with the production of formic acid. N The recovered sodium sulfate is used as a sulfate-
    containing reject composition in the treatment of the reject water according to process of Example 1. The formed sodium bicarbonate is used as additive in the formic acid production.
    The devices and equipments of the process used in these examples are known per se in the art, and therefore they are not described in any more de- tail in this context.
    The method and process arrangement are suita- ble in different embodiments for treating reject water and/or forming sodium carbonate product and ammonium sulfate product.
    The invention is not limited merely to the examples referred to above; instead many variations are possible within the scope of the inventive idea defined by the claims.
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    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1] 1. A method for treating reject water, characterized in that the method comprises - adding an alkali chemical (2) to the reject water (1) for increasing pH, - separating nitrogen in the form of ammonia from the reject water and forming a mixture (5) com- prising nitrogen, - adding a sulfate-containing reject composition (7) comprising at least sodium sulfate to the mixture, and - precipitating sodium salts (10) comprising at least sodium carbonate and/or sodium bicarbonate such that at least ammonium sulfate remains in the mixture.
    [2] 2. The method according to claim 1, char - acterized in that the alkali chemical (2) is selected from the group consisting of sodium salt, so- dium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, lime or their combi- nation.
    [3] 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sulfate-containing reject composition (7) comprises sodium, potassium, chloride, carbonate or their combinations.
    [4] 4. The method according to any one of claims lto 3, characterized in that the sulfate- o containing reject composition (7) comprises calcium > phosphate. O
    [5] 5. The method according to any one of claims 7 30 lto 4, characterized in that the sulfate- containing reject composition (7) 1s a stream from a = pulp mill, paper mill, power plant, gas purification a and/or scrubber. 3
    [6] 6. The method according to any one of claims o 35 1 to 5, characterized in that the sulfate- N containing reject composition (7) is a fly ash.
    [7] 7. The method according to any one of claims I to 6, characterized in that the reject wa- ter (1) is supplied to a tank or reactor in which the alkali chemical (2) is added and the reject water is treated with the alkali chemical.
    [8] 8. The method according to any one of claims lto7 characterized in that nitrogen in the form of ammonia is separated from the reject water (1) by evaporating, stripping, filtrating and/or filtrat- ing by a membrane.
    [9] 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the sodium salts (10) are separated from potassium and/or ammoni- um salts by the crystallization in the precipitation.
    [10] 10. A process arrangement for treating reject water, characterized in that the process ar- rangement comprises - at least one treatment device (3) for treating reject water (1), - at least a first addition device for adding an alkali chemical (2) to the reject water (1) in the treatment device (3) for increasing pH, - at least one separation device (4) in which ni- trogen in the form of ammonia is separated from the reject water and a mixture (5) comprising ni- trogen is formed, o - at least a second addition device for adding a > sulfate-containing reject composition (7) com- O prising at least sodium sulfate to the mixture N 30 (5), and I - at least one precipitation device (8) in which a. sodium salts (10) comprising at least sodium car- S bonate and/or sodium bicarbonate is precipitated 3 such that at least ammonium sulfate remains in > 35 the mixture.
    [11] 11. The process arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that the treatment device (3) is selected from a tank, reactor or their combination.
    [12] 12. The process arrangement according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the process arrangement comprises the separation device (4) which is selected from the group consisting of an evaporating device, stripping column, filter, membrane filtration device or their combinations.
    [13] 13. The process arrangement according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the separation device (4) is a membrane filter or mem- brane contactor.
    [14] 14. The process arrangement according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the precipitation device (8) comprises at least one crystallization device.
    [15] 15. The process arrangement according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the precipitation device (8) comprises at least a sec- ond separation device for separating the sodium salts (10) from a liquid composition (9).
    [16] 16. A sodium carbonate product consisting of sodium salts (10) obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the sodium carbonate o product comprises at least sodium carbonate and/or so- > dium bicarbonate.
    [17] O 17. A use of the sodium carbonate product ac- 7 30 cording to claim 16, characterized in that the sodium carbonate product is used as an alkali a. chemical or as a pH agent.
    [18] S 18. An ammonium sulfate product obtained by 3 the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, DO 35 wherein the ammonium sulfate product comprises at N least ammonium sulfate.
    [19] 19. A use of the ammonium sulfate product ac- cording to claim 18, characterized in that the ammonium sulfate product is used as a component in fertilizer or as a fertilizer.
    [20] 20. A use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the method is used in waste water treatment, in purifica- tion of the gases, e.g. the pyrolysis or gasification gas, in oil refining, in power plants, in production of fertilizers, or their combinations. o
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US5830422A|1995-06-23|1998-11-03|Ormiston Mining And Smelting Co. Ltd.|Method for production of sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate and ammonium sulfate from sodium sulfate|
    US9719179B2|2012-05-23|2017-08-01|High Sierra Energy, LP|System and method for treatment of produced waters|
    AU2016318839B2|2015-09-09|2019-05-23|Grirem Advanced Materials Co., Ltd.|Recycling process of wastewater containing ammonium ion and preparation method of metal oxide|
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